For generations, the family members of James Garfield spoke proudly about his impressive career but seldom discussed his untimely death. We understood what had happened, that he was assassinated in a transportation hub,” notes one of his family members. “We learned about the story in publications but, somehow, we just skimmed through it.”
This changed in 2011 with the release of a historical book, which revived interest in Garfield's cut-short presidency. The publication has now resulted in a streaming series titled the presidential series, featuring Michael Shannon as the national leader and his co-star as the wanderer who assassinated him.
The series aims to shine a light on Garfield, who rose from poverty to the highest office during the historical period only to fall victim to its deep political rifts. His presidency was truncated after only several months not only by the assassin's bullet but by medical malpractice – an event now mostly overlooked while the deaths of Abraham Lincoln and JFK continue to captivate the public.
“It's impossible not to respect what he did. He was a true polymath: he was a lawyer, he was a preacher, he was a farmer. He was so many things which also formed his character and his approach and the complete story about him the relatives maintain with us.”
Garfield was the final national leader raised in rustic conditions in the Midwest in 1831. His parent passed away when he was just a toddler, leaving his mom, Eliza, to care for multiple kids in difficult circumstances. An voracious learner, Garfield worked on canal boats to generate income for an education.
He pursued jurisprudence, was ordained as minister, became head of a school in Ohio and was a government official. In 1858 he married a former classmate, Lucretia Rudolph, with whom he would have multiple offspring. An dedicated federalist, Garfield viewed the civil war as a moral battle against human bondage and rose to the officer status.
“During my investigation, I found it incredible. He was absolutely brilliant. He was incredibly brave. He was very progressive for the era. He was compassionate. He was a good person and would have been one of our great presidents had he remained alive.”
Garfield was convinced by President Lincoln to depart military life when he was selected to the House of Representatives, where he would work as a party member for nearly two decades. He was ardent advocate of African American voting rights, viewing it as a matter of justice and the completion of a conflict agreement.
“His oration on the legislative arena will tear your heart out. He was an remarkable speaker and this issue was very important to him.”
At the party gathering in Chicago the faction was deeply divided between the “faction members”, led by an influential figure, who supported a third term for Ulysses S Grant, and the “opposing faction”, who supported political contender. Garfield attended as a advocate of his state colleague John Sherman.
When the massive gathering was gridlocked between Grant and Blaine, representatives began searching for a compromise. Garfield's powerful oration supporting Sherman caught their attention. During the speech, he reportedly declared, “And now, gentlemen of the convention, what do we want?” to which a audience member unexpectedly replied, “We want Garfield!”
On the extended selection process, a rush of supporters made Garfield the surprise nominee. To appease the Stalwart faction, the vice presidential pick, a faction member from New York, was chosen as his vice president. In the national vote Garfield overcame the rival politician to become the sole representative of the House ever to be elected president.
“Garfield's potential greatness and what is remarkably uncommon and maybe particular about the American presidency is he didn't want the job. It's not that he had never thought about it but he was pushed toward it.”
The defining conflict of Garfield's brief term was his confrontation with Conkling over the “spoils system”. Conkling insisted on authority over government appointments in New York, particularly the powerful and lucrative post of customs official. Garfield rejected, stating the issue was “if the commander-in-chief should be registering clerk of the senate or the nation's leader”. He proposed a rival of Conkling to the post.
The conflict became a visible struggle but Garfield outmaneuvered Conkling in the Senate. Facing a embarrassing loss, Conkling and his colleague left their positions in protest. The next day, Garfield's selection was confirmed. It was a historic triumph for the power of the presidency over the political organization and for the improvement efforts over “political control”.
But even as Garfield battled the titans of his party, he was being followed by a disturbed and delusional man who exemplified the problematic element of the spoils network. The gunman was a drifter with a background of occupational setbacks, mental instability and early life difficulties. He had failed as a legal professional, bill collector, preacher and member of a unconventional group.
“He was mentally ill and his unique form of delusion was delusion. He always believed that religious calling for significance. He actually had more privileged beginning than Garfield but where Garfield achieved and rose, Guiteau could not accomplish anything.”
But Guiteau believed he had eventually located a route to achievement: politics. Carried away in the excitement of the political contest, he prepared and gave an unimportant address, and became persuaded internally that he was personally instrumental for Garfield's victory.
Under this reasoning, Guiteau determined he had merited a prestigious position. He journeyed to DC and relentlessly pestered Garfield, Blaine and other officials, demanding to be made the diplomatic representative — a post for which he had inadequate skills. He became such a annoyance that he was eventually banned from the White House.
On 2 July 1881, just several weeks into his presidency, Garfield was departing the capital for his alumni event. As he moved through the transportation center, Guiteau appeared suddenly, pulled an ivory-handled British Bull Dog revolver from his clothing and shot the president twice in the back.
Garfield cried out: “Why is this occurring?” and fell on the waiting area. When a {police officer|law